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  5. Turmeric
   

    Turmeric

    Scientific Name: Curcuma longa 
    Common Name: Turmeric 
    Plant Family: Zingiberaceae (Ginger family) 

    Etymology: The genus name "Curcuma" is derived from the Arabic name for turmeric, "kurkum". The species name "longa" refers to the long rhizomes of the plant. 

    Traditional Uses

    Turmeric has been used for over 4,000 years in traditional medicine and as a culinary spice. It is commonly used in curries, as a food coloring agent, and for its potential health benefits:  

    • Blood Medicine — Bulbs, shorts, and other plants pounded, squeezed, and resulting in liquid taken to cleanse the blood.  
    • Nose Medicine — Bulbs and other plants pounded, squeezed, and the resulting liquid fumes inhaled for nose growths or odor.  
    • Oral Aid — Bark and other plants pounded, squeezed, and the resulting liquid used to gargle. 

    Edible Parts

    The primary edible part of turmeric is the rhizome, which is boiled, dried, and ground to produce the familiar yellow powder used in cooking. 

    Gathering and Using

    To use fresh turmeric, peel the rhizome and thinly slice or grate it. Fresh turmeric can be used in teas, smoothies, dressings, and marinades. Dried and ground turmeric is commonly used in various recipes. 

    Permaculture Functions and Considerations

    Turmeric is a good choice for permaculture projects as it spreads quickly and requires relatively low maintenance. It can be included in food forests and is suitable for vertical farming in stacked layers. 

    Habitat

    Turmeric is native to parts of Asia and thrives in humid environments with lots of rain. 

    How to Identify

    Turmeric plants grow up to 3 feet in height, with large green leaves shooting up from a thick stem. The blooms are colorful bright pink and yellow hyacinth-like flowers. 

    Wildlife Support

    Turmeric does not have significant wildlife support functions. 

    Additional Information

    Turmeric has powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial properties. It is a good source of Vitamin C, magnesium, and potassium. 

    Sources 

     

    Planting Considerations

    • USDA Hardiness Zone: 8 - 11 
    • Native Range: Parts of Asia 
    • Forest Garden Layer: Herbaceous perennial 
    • Height: Up to 3 feet 
    • Spread: Spreads rapidly 
    • Growth Rate: Moderate 
    • Sun: Morning sun and afternoon shade 
    • Bloom: Colorful pink and yellow flowers 
    • Attracts: No significant wildlife attraction 
    • Tolerates: Humid environments, rain 
    • Drawbacks: Can spread rapidly 
    • Soil moisture: Moist 
    • Soil texture: Well-draining 
    • Soil pH: 4.5 - 7.5 

    Plant profile by Nikelsy Urena '26